Which methods are commonly used to preserve samples?

Preserving samples is crucial in various scientific fields to maintain the sample's integrity for analysis. One common method used for preservation is the application of acids. Acids can serve multiple purposes in preservation, such as lowering pH to inhibit microbial growth, which could otherwise change the composition and quality of the sample. They can also stabilize certain compounds in the sample, preventing degradation or reactions that might alter the results of subsequent analyses.

In the context of sample preservation, using acids can help create an environment where the sample can be stored for longer periods without significant changes. This is especially important in fields such as environmental testing, where the composition of the sample can be affected by bacteria or chemical degradation over time. Other preservation methods may not provide the same level of stability or effectiveness in preventing contamination and degradation as acids do.